Kerry D. Wong » FreeBSD

FreeBSD Ports Upgrade Nightmare

kwong — Wed, 06 Jun 2007 00:36:31 +0000

I have a FreeBSD 6.2 box at home mainly for developing some UNIX/Linux based applications. Typically, when I upgrade FreeBSD or Linux systems, I have always chosen to backup the important stuff and do a clean installation. It makes sense since clean installation typically guarantees that everything gets updated correctly. As an added benefit, a clean installation also clears the clog collected over the time and makes the system run faster. Anyway, since I haven’t upgraded anything after I installed FreeBSD 6.2 late last year many ports have gone out of date. Instead of waiting for the next release of FreeBSD to come, I thought that I would just do a port upgrade to the whole system so that all the ports would be brought to the most up-to-date state. And from many sources, it was even suggested that I should do a port upgrade once a while to keep my installation fresh. So, following the advice I gathered from various sources, I decided to give portsmanager a try: I firsted installed the portsmanager, pkg_add –r portsmanager And then did an update on all the installed ports. portmanager –u This turned out to be a big mistake. While in theory, everything should work, in reality it rarely works that way. Since I had quite a few ports installed (for experimenting purpose, etc.), the update process took a really long time. I didn’t keep track of how much time it took to upgrade all the ports. Since some ports would popup a confirmation or option screens (should have added the –y switch), I had to manually intervene quite a bit. As a crude estimate though, it took well over five hours! When everything was done, I went to check a couple of programs that I knew was updated (e.g. wordpress, apache server, etc.), and they all seemed to work fine… till I tried to bring my KDE desktop back. My X-Windows refused to start and was complaining about some configuration errors. As it turned out, for whatever reason, the ports upgrade changed the default X-Windows manager from Xorg to XFree86 and the configuration file was messed up as well… Luckily enough, I backed up all my configuration files and after hours of comparison, I finally fixed the problem. Final Thoughts While the idea of building everything from scratch is in theory a good thing, in practice, it takes too much time and a simple upgrade can turn a healthy system into something useless and fixing it would easily be a multi-day activity. This is certainly not what average users would want to do. And clearly, the ports building process is not bulletproof either, which makes the extra time invested in building everything from scratch hardly justified.

Enable Mouse Scrolling in FreeBSD 6.2

kwong — Fri, 19 Jan 2007 10:45:53 +0000

After I installed FreeBSD 6.2, I found out that my wheeled Microsoft Mouse does not support scrolling any more.

Under FreeBSD 6.1, all I needed to do to enable mouse scrolling was changing the InputDevice section in /etc/X11/xorg.conf from using device /dev/sysmouse to /dev/psm0 and changing the Protocol type to auto (see below), as suggested by various resources on the internet.

Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Mouse1"

Driver "mouse"

Option "Protocol" "auto"

Option "Device" "/dev/psm0" Option "Buttons" "5"

Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"

EndSection

But after I installed 6.2, using this setting would either lead to mouse scrolling not enabled or the complaining of /dev/psm0 being busy. Some resources had suggested changing the ZAxisMapping to 3 4 instead of 4 5 but it didn’t work for me.

After some testing it seems that the setting in /etc/rc.conf seemed to have somehow interfered with the setting in xorg.conf. I must have chosen to enable mouse in console sessions during the setup. By commenting out the following two lines in rc.conf the scroll wheel seemed to work.

moused_enable="YES" moused_type="intellimouse"

BASH Text Coloring Settings for FreeBSD

kwong — Mon, 15 Jan 2007 11:44:52 +0000

By default FreeBSD (in my case, the most recent 6.2 version) installs sh as the standard shell. Many Linux users prefer BASH as their default shells instead. To change the default shell, run chsh and change the line Shell: /bin/sh to /usr/local/bin/bash.

Then in your user root directory, create a .bash_profile file and add the following lines to enable coloring:

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

export CLICOLOR=1

Now you should be to use the BASH shell as your default shell with text coloring.